Tuples

tuples

simple_tuple = ("Norway", 4.953, 3)
simple_tuple[0] #=> 'Norway'
simple_tuple[2] #=> 3

len(simple_tuple) #=> 3

for item in simple_tuple:
    print(item)

#=> Norway
#=> 4.953
#=> 3

simple_tuple + (338186.0, 265e9)
#=> ('Norway', 4.953, 3, 338186.0, 265000000000.0)
simple_tuple * 3
#=> ('Norway', 4.953, 3, 'Norway', 4.953, 3, 'Norway', 4.953, 3)

creating tuple with single element

tuple_with_one_element = (391,)

creating empty tuple

empty_tuple = ()

NOTE: in many cases, parentheses of literal tuples may be omitted (feature often used when returning multiple values from a function)

p = 1, 1, 1, 4, 6, 19
p #=> (1, 1, 1, 4, 6, 19)

tuple unpacking

def minmax(items):
    return min(items), max(items)

minmax([83, 33, 84, 32, 85, 31, 86])
#=> (31, 86)

lower, upper = minmax([83, 33, 84, 32, 85, 31, 86])
lower #=> 31
upper #=> 86

(a, (b, (c, d))) = (4, (3, (2, 1)))
a #=> 4
b #=> 3
c #=> 2
d #=> 1

########## NOTE: beautiful Python idiom for swapping two or more variables ##########
a = 'jelly'
b = 'bean'
a, b = b, a
### explanation
# first packs `a` and `b` on right side of assignment into tuple
# then unpacks tuple on left, reusing names `a` and `b`

using tuple constructor

tuple([561, 1105, 1729, 2465])
tuple("Carmichael")

# testing containment
5 in (3, 5, 17, 257, 65537) #=> True
5 not in (3, 5, 17, 257, 65537) #=> False

Made with